Carbureter.



V. E.. HAAS.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED IuNE I. I9I5.- I

Patented Feb. 15, 1916.

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ASSIGNOR OF ONEfHALF TQ SAMUEL E. STARR, F TQLEDO, 02H10.

omunntrsn. v

speeiacauon or Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 15, 1916.

Application led une 7, 1915. Serial No. 32,641.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known thatI, Vo'ron EQ HAAs, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Carburetor; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of 'the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, refer-I ence beingv had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference v marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to carbureters. p

It has for its object to provide a carbul reter which will automatically regulate the extent of opening t its inlets according to the consumption. The carburetor may be connected to a suction device such as, an internal combustion engine, whether of the stationary type or non-stationary type, in

l which case the supply of air and the liquid hydrocarbon will vary accordingv to the suction .produced 'by the engine piston, or the A device may he connected to a source which p supplies air under pressure greater than atmospheric and toa consuming translatlng device such` as, a stove, furnace, lights, or

blowpipe, in which case, thesupply of the gasolene will be drawn upon according to the flow of the air through the carbureter, that is, according to the rate that the consuming device draws upon or allows the mixture to be consumed.

A further object of my invention is to provide a means for breaking 4up any drops o' hydrocarbon and causing a` thorough mixture -of the liquid hydrocarbon and prehereinafter and explain the operation thereof. v y

The construction selected is illustrated in `the accompanying drawings wherein,

{Figure-1 illustratesv a vertical section oi the carburetor. Fig. 2 illustrates a transverse section taken on thc line 2--2, indicated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 illustrates a section of-a-n adjusting' means taken on the line 3 3, also indicated in Fig. 1. Fig. Llis anv air valve shown in section in Fig. 1. Q 10 is the main shell of the carburetor havlng formed therein three chambers, 11, 12 and 13. They are preferably made cylindrlcal in form for ease of construction and manipulation of parts. Thel lower end of the shell 10 is covered by a cap 14 forming the chamber 2l.' The cap is secured by the screws-20 to the shell 10. The chamber 1l 1s closed by a cap 15, chamber 12 is closed by a cap 16, and chamber 13 is provided with an outlet. The carbureter selected and illustrated in the drawing is provided with the type of outlet pipe which is commonly used for connecting carbureters with internal combustion engines. The outlet pipe 17 is prov1ded with the usual butterfly valve 18 which may be adjusted by means of the arm 19 toV vary the effective area ofthe passageway from the carbureter to the engine through the outlet 17.

The cap 15erI the chamber 11 is provided with an inlet to allow atmospheric air to pass into the 'carbureterz nected with a pipe which leads from a source of air supply which may be forced .under pressure into the carbureter particularly, when the carbureter is used in connectlon with lighting or heating systems or with a blowpipe. The cap 15 is screwed upon the top of the cylinder 11 and secures between itself and a ring 26 which is formed with a seat 27 and a frustumal central recess 28, a felt 29 which is supported by means of a perforated disk or sieve 30.' The ring 26 may be cast in one piece with the cylinder 35, or the cylinder may be otherwise secured to the ring 26. The cylinder 35 depends from the ring 2G into the chamber 11. The lower, end of the cylinder 35 .is closed with the head or threaded disk 36. A piston 40 having a hollow or flanged piston head of considerably vertical length is located withinwt'he cylinder 35 and having ribs 39 to reduce frictional contact. It is provided with a stem 41 which extends through the disk 36. A light compression spring 12 operates to yieldingly hold the piston 40 against the ring 26. The cylinderis proyided with slotted openings 43 which are located vertically and are opened by the movements of the pistons 40 to a more or4 less extent and according to the It may be conextent of movement of the piston 40. The cylinder 35 mayyealso be provided with open-y ings 44 to allow free movement of the piston 40. Also, the opening 45 through which the stem 41 extends may bea little larger -thanl the stem 41 in order -to permit free movement of the air or gas in and out of the'` cy der 35 to permit free movement of "the iston( 40. 1o fl e'chaimber 12 is provided with a sleeve or valve casing'50. "Within the casing is located ar movable valve member 51 having a cone 'or needle end 52 whichvseats upony the seat 53 of the casing 50. `The casing 50 is providedfwith an opening 54 which affonds a communication between the chamber 12 and the chamber 21 formed by the cap 14 below the shell 10 when the valve megnber 51 is removed from its seat 53. A Sip!! 55 is locatedN within the sleeve 50 Jr-11d a ut the stem .56 which forms apart of the movable valve member. The spring 55|`is a light compression spring and extends between anA enlarged portionv of the mov-` able valve member 51 and 'a iexible disk or diaphragm 60-which is secured in position by means of the cap 16 which is threaded into the shell-10. The interior of the chamber 12 may be'sealed by means of the lead washerfl located in a recess 62. A screw 65 is located in-thev cap 16. One end of the screw 65 presses against' the disk or diaphragml 60st a point opposite tothe point atwhic'h the compression spring 55 .presses againstI the disk 60. The screw 65 may thus be altered to adjust the pressure of the spring55 against Vthe enlarged por tion of the movable ,valve member and thus adjustthe pressureatiwhich the valve mem- 40 ber 51 willbe'i'forced against its seat 53.

Adjustment" of the screw 65 thus operates to adjust `theifo'rce required to lift the valve member` 'l'from its seat. n

The diaphragm`60` permits an adjustment Y of the spring '55`relative to the pressure that .I may be exerted bythe valve 40 to control the'iiow ofthe liquid relative to thev air. The diaphragniis 'also important when it is considered-*thatit is *almost impossible to secure an 'fadjustment of the liquid inlet valve of the' carbureter Without permitting the-escape ofw'fap'ors.` The diaphragm com- .pletely sealsthe-'fgasolene"chamber of the carbureter. vvThe threadedj screw extends 56 through they cap which covers the chamber and presses against thef'di'aphragm,which prevents any gasolene vapors escaping lfrom the'chamber .through the threads of the 'adjusting screwffAdjustment can thus easily T60 be produced'b'y*ther screw" when desired without perinittin'gthe` escape of Vgasolene vapors.

The shell' 12 is provided with an inlet pipe 56 which may be connected toa source of snppiy of' liquid hydrocarbon. The

liquid hydrocarbon enters the chamber "12 through the pipe 66 and thence' it passes through the sleeve 50 and opening 54 ac cording to the extentof movement of the.. valve member 52 which, to a certain extent, is regulated by the pressure of the spring 55. The chamber 12 isv provided with a rldge 105 forming a seat on which a disk 106 having holes formed therein is placed. 'A filter 58 of felt or other suitable material is placed on the disk 106 and thedislc 57 is placed abovethe fibrous material 58. sleeve 59 is placed on the cylinder 57. on

which is supported the diaphragm 60. The

parts are secured in position by means of the cap 16. l. y The valve member 51 is opened by* the operation of the piston 40. They are conneeted together by' a suitable mechanical means whereby the valve 51 is lifted according tothe extent of movement of the piston* 40. The piston 40' moves according to the difference of pressure produced above and below the piston. The piston 40 consequently moves according to the rate of flow of the air or the mixture through the carbureter andconsequently according to the consumption of the mixture. In the form of the invention shown, the piston 40 and the movable valve member 51 are connected together by a simpleA or a compound lever. The stem 41 of the piston 40 is provided with a cross-pin 70 which extends Ithroughr the forked end 71 of the lever 72. The lever 72 is pivoted'on a frame 73. The frame 73 is pivote'd on the shell 10 by means of the pivot pin 74. A second-lever is pivotcd on the frame 73 by means of the pivotpiu 76. The lever 72 operates on the lever 75 and thus compounds its reduction ofmovement. The lever 75 operates upon the, pin 77 which extends through the opening .54 and lifts the movable valve member 51 when the piston 40 is lowered by the difference of vpressure of the air above and below the piston.

The frame 73 is provided Awith an ad-' justing screw 80 which is threaded into the shell 10.v A compression spring 81 is located' about the screw 80 and intermediate the' shell 10 and an ear 82 which is secured to the frame 73.. The position of the frame 73 may thus be adjusted relative to the shell 10, the screw operating to vary this relationship while the spring A81 operates to hold the ear 8.2 against the head of the screw 80. As the screw 80 is threaded into or out of the shell l0, the frame 73 is varied in its l relation to the shell 10 as it turns about the pivot pin 74. This likewise varies the relationship between the compound leverA 7275, to the pin 77 of the movable valve member 51 and consequently varies the reA lation between the piston 40 and the mov-y able valve member 52.l As the piston 40 i isrnoved down by the difference in the pressure of the air on opposite sides of the pis# ton', the levers operate to open the movable valve member 51 to a more or less. extent and allow more or less of the hydrocarbon to enter the-chamber 21,.

vSuitabledeflectors 85 maybe located on opposite sides of the levers -72 and 75 intermediate the opening 54 and the chamber 11.

Preferably the deflectors 85 are located substantially beneath the opening 54. 'The gasolene which drops on the levers and then to the deilecto'rs, passes through the 'current 'of the air 'which enters the carbureter through thel chamber 11 and passes below the deilectors and mixes with or vaporiz'es l the falling liquid.

vThe chamber' 13 is' providedl with angularly disposedpipes o'r openings 90 through which the mixed air and liquid' hydrocarbon may pass from the interior of the cap 14.

' The pipes 90 are disposed so as to produce circular or spiral movements of the vapor within the chamber 13. vTwo of `them exof the -air-andfthe liquid hydrocarbonthatd may be carrieduplinto theshelli" In lthe form of the invention shown',I the 'chamber` 13 isprovided with one or morerotatable combs 91 which beat the uids-as they pass through the chamber.,i They aresupported `uponfthe shaft lTheshaft 92-is step ed in a'bearing 9,3located inthe lower en of the chamber .132 and valso inv-a bearing-1pm 95 secured in the top of the shell 1Q.,l T e bridge y 95 may be threaded into thetopof the shell top Iof ule'sheu 10 abo-ve the chamber 13. The lower end of the shaft 91 is provided with a propeller 97 Whose plates are so tilted asl to meetat right angles the impact of the fmovin'gvapor as it enters through the openings or pipes l90 located in the bottom of the chamber 13. The vapor thus causes the `ropeller to rotate the combs 91 and brezil; up the liquid particles insuring thereby a perfect mixture of the vapor of the liquid hydrocarbon and the air. The combs 91y may be provided with teeth which vary in width, the lower teeth being preferably wider than the upper teeth. The lower teeth will thus operate directly on the larger particles of liquid hydrocarbon to break them up while the finer teeth will operate upon the more perfectly vaporized liquid4v hydrocarbon and at the same time produce a perfect mixture of the vaporl and the air as it leaves the chamber 13.

In rnder 'to give a substantial uniform Vconnecting the valves for rate of rotation to the combs 91 and shaft 92 a body having considerable mass may be secured to the shaft. The wheel 99 having a rim 98 of considerable size is keyed to the shaft 92. The wheel 98 acts like a iiywheel to give substantial uniform speed to the combs as they are rotated by the moving vapor which strikes the plates of the propeller 97.

The'invention may be greatly modiied by those skilled in the artwithout departing from the spirit of the invention. The con struction described is merely illustrative of carbureters containing my lnvention and wherein advantageous results enabled by myiinvention are produced.A

aving thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and'desireV to secure by Letters Patent, is,-

1. In a carburetor, the combination of an air valve and a liquid hydrocarbon valve, the liquid hydrocarbon valve operated by the air valve, a pair of levers mechanically connecting the two valves, an adjustable pivoted frame for supporting thelevers, one of the levers pivotally supported near the pivpt of the frame and the other of the levers pivotally supported at the'end of the frame remote from the pivot of the frame.

Y 2. In a carbureter, the combination of a hydrocarbon liquid valve, a compression spring for seating the valve, a metallic dia phragm abutting one end of the spring, an adjustablev screw abutting the diaphragm, at a point opposite to and on the op osite side of the point at which the-spring abuts the diaphragm, a lever for opening the valve, an air valve f or loperating the hydrocarbon liquid valve against the operation of the spring, and a chamber' for receiving thev hydrocarbon liquid and the air. and also securedl therein by means of the outlet pipe' `17 which is alsov threaded in the 3. In a carbureter, the combination of an air valve having a flange, a sleeve'in Which the valvemoves, having slotted-openings, a hydrocarbon liquid valve, a` pair of levers ening. the liquid valve, as the air valve is opened, a'chamber located beneath the valves for receiving the air and liquidba mixin chamber, the air passing beneath the inlet of the hydrocarbon liquid and with the hydrocarbon liquid into the mixing chamber..

4. In a carbureter, the combination of an air inlet valve and `a hydrocarbon liquid valve and a mixing chamber, a communicating chamber for conducting the air beneath the hydrocarbon'liquid valve to the mixing chamber, pipes extending to the vbottom ofv the communicating chamber for'v conducting the liquid hydrocarbon, its vapors and air, into the mixing chamber.

5. In a carbureter, the combination of an air inlet valve and a hydrocarbon liquid valve, a pair of levers connecting the valves for opening the liquid valve proportionate to the opening of the air valve, a chamber located beneath the valves for receiving the air and the liquid as they pass through the openings formed by the valves, a deflector for defiecting air currenttoward the bottom of the chamber.

6. VIn a carbureter an air inlet valve and a hydro-carbon liquid inlet valve, the carbureter having a chamber extending under the openings of the valves, a delector disposed in proximity to the hydro-carbon liquid inlet valve to deflect the ai1',do\vn Ward in advance of the hydro-carbon liquid inlet valve, whereby the -air current receives the hydro-'carbon liquid as it passes along underneath the liquid valve opening and the deflector.

7. In a carburetlei the combination of an air inlet ,and a hydro-carbon liquid valve7 the carbureter having a chamber for conducting the liquid vapors and the air, a deflector for deiecting the air current to the bottom of the chamber, the chamber having outlets7 one outlet atthe bottom of the chamber and the other at the top of the chamber.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name to this specification.

VICTOR E. HAAS. 

